Will I Go to Jail for Not Paying Taxes?
Almost certainly not. The IRS puts people in prison for fraud and evasion, not for being broke.
The IRS Criminal Investigation Division prosecutes roughly 2,000 cases per year. Out of about 150 million individual tax returns filed annually. The odds of criminal prosecution for a garden-variety tax debt are essentially zero.
The IRS prosecutes fraud: hiding income, filing false returns, running tax shelters, identity theft. They prosecute willful evasion: actively concealing assets, destroying records, lying to agents. They do not prosecute people who simply can't afford to pay.
If you owe money and haven't been hiding income or lying to the IRS, prison is not on the table. That doesn't mean you should ignore the problem. But it does mean you can take a breath and make rational decisions instead of panic-driven ones.
If you're worried about criminal exposure, talk to a tax attorney. Only attorneys have privilege.